The best way to find rental assistance in Chicago appears to be calling 311.
Please be aware that in general, rental assistance is only available on a one-time basis for people who meet a very strict criteria that will likely put you in a catch 22. Oftentimes, you need to already be behind on your rent to the point that you have received an eviction notice. If you are up to date on your rent, but are having trouble making the next month’s rent, you might not be eligible. They prefer people who are on the verge of losing their housing. However, at the same time, to be eligible you often need to have enough funds and resources available, such as income from a job or social security, to show that you will be able to make the next month’s rent, because they do not want to help you pay your rent for one month, only for you to be on the verge of eviction again the next month. Such strict criteria makes the rental assistance programs only available to people in unique circumstances, such as people who are unemployed at the time of their application, but will be starting work soon.
There are also programs for people looking to move into less expensive housing. However, again, the criteria is quite strict and leaves people in a catch 22. You need to be on the verge of eviction from your current apartment, and thus in a poor financial state (with bad credit), and at the same time were able to apply for and get accepted by another landlord. If you are able to do this, you may be able to find rental assistance that will cover the new security deposit and first month’s rent, but not moving fees.
In addition to calling 311, Ezra has limited funds available for people who live within certain geographic boundaries. Please see this post for more details: https://enlighteningthedarkness.wordpress.com/2010/04/21/ezra-multi-service-center/
If you know of additional rental assistance programs or have experience with any of them, please feel free to contact me or leave a comment. Thank you!